William hales turner



NITED STATES \VILLTAM HALES TURNER, OF TUN STALL, COUN TY OF STAFFORD, ENGLAND.

METHOD OF PRINTING AND DECORATING CHINA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 391,346, dated October 16,1888.

Application filed February 5, 1887.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown that 1, WILLIAM HALES TUR- NER, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Tuustall, in the county of Stafford, England, earthenware-manufacturer, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Printing or Decorati ngof Earthenware, China, and the like,and in the preparation or manufacture of mate: ials therefor, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, N0. 120, dated January 4., 1887,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the preparation of paper with transfer-designs thereon for the decoration of pottery-ware, and comprises novel features in the composition of the size for the paper,in the preparation of the coloring materials,and in the mode ofapplying thesame. lheobjectthereofis toenablethepatterns or designs to be printed rapidlyin mineral colors, most of which contain a great proportion ofmetallic oxide ofavery abrasive character, which, under ordinary circumstances, rapidly wears away both the printing-surface or block and the doctors orscrapers. In order to pri nt successfully in mineral colors, and prevent undue wear of the parts in contact therewith, it is necessary that such parts, and also the colors themselves, should be heated to an extent not hitherto practiced in the art ofpottery-printing. It is impossible, in fact, to in crease the temperature too highly, so long as the colors are not burned.

In order to render the paper suitable for the reception of colors and of a quality that will allow it to part readily with the same when transferred to the china or earthenware, it is sized with the following preparation: To one gallon of water I add two pounds of soda, and boil until the soda is dissolved. Halfa pound of white lead is then added, and,lastly, a pint oflinseedoil, and the boiling continued until a thorough mixture of the ingredients is effected. The paper may be sized in the usual manner, either at the mill or during its pas sage through the printing-machine; but the former is preferred, as the size is then firmly set before being used. The effect of the size is to destroy the fiber of the paper and fill up the pores thereof, so as to prevent any absorp- Serial No. 226,711. (No specimens.) Patented in England January 4,1887,No. 120.

tion of the coloring-matter and render the paper easily friable when moistened.

The coloring materials are prepared as follows: To one gallon of boiling oil I add one pound of tar, the mixture being allowed to boil for half an hour, when I add aquarter of a pound of white lead, allowing the boiling to continue for three or four hours, when a small quantityofsugar--say,halfanounce-isadded, and the' boiling continued for another hour, at the expiration of whichtime it will have attained the required consistency or adhesive ness. The mixture is then gradually cooled and stored for future use, becoming, according to present experience, more suitable for use as a vehicle for coloring materialsin proportion to the length of time it is kept. The coloringmatter to be mixed with the above vehicle, after being ground as fine as possible and lawned or sifted,1s highly heated,carc being taken not to burn it. The Vehicle is then boiled and the heated coloring-matter introduced, and the whole thoroughly mixed or ground together, preferably by hollow heated granite cylinders, until ready for use.

In order to derive the full benefit of my invention,it is necessary that the paper and colors at the time of printing should be highly heated-say to about 400 Fahrenheit. A lower temperature will suffice; but under such con ditions it will be necessary to allow the paper to remain longer in contact with the printing block or cylinder, whereby the rate of prod action will be diminished.

I do not confine myself to the proportions of the various ingredients herein given, nor to the exact time required, or mode of procedure, although I have found such to be satisfactory.

The paper prepared in accordance with my method with ornamental designs thereon is employed in the usual manner by applying it to the articles to be decorated and transferring the designs thereto by pressure with or without the application of heat and thereafter removing the paper by saturating it with water.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The process of preparing transfer-paper for decorating china,consisting, first, in charging the paper with size, substantially such as specified herein, to fill its pores, then printing pressurea metallic coloring-matter, combined lhe design in mineral colors, combined with with oil, tar, white lead, and sugar. oil, tar, white lead, and sugar, in the presence In testimony whereof I have hereto set my ofi'pressure and heat. hand in the presence of the two subscribing 5 2. The process of preparing paper with orwitnesses.

namental designs in color for transference to WVILLIAM HALES TURNER.

china, consisting of the following steps: first, \Vitnessesr charging the paper with a size composed of ARTHUR V. LLEWELLYN,

soda, white lead, and oil; second, applying to SAML. DAVIES,-

[O the sized paper in the presence of heat and Roth Solicitors, Tunstall, England. 

